Q1.
D. Read the following sentences. Notice the underlined words.
Once upon a time, humans and animals lived together. Aakho declared that the tigers had the first right on all the things. The humans challenged Aakho.
Once upon a time, humans and animals lived together. Aakho declared that the tigers had the first right on all the things. The humans challenged Aakho.
Answer
The four underlined parts are Once upon a time, lived, declared and challenged.
What they tell us: every one of them shows that the events happened some time ago, in the past. The story is not happening now.
The rule: In the past simple tense, you can add -ed to a verb to make this form.
| Verb (now) | Add -ed | Past simple |
|---|---|---|
| live | live + d | lived |
| declare | declare + d | declared |
| challenge | challenge + d | challenged |
Why these three take only -d: live, declare and challenge already end in the letter e. So we add only a d, not -ed. If a verb does not end in e — like jump or want — we add the full -ed: jumped, wanted.
Notice this too: Once upon a time is not a verb. It is a group of words that tells us when. Words like yesterday, last week and long ago do the same job, and they always go with the past tense.
Careful — not every verb takes -ed: The book warns you on page 97. Some verbs change completely: came, drank, drove, saw. These are called irregular verbs, and you must learn them one by one.
My own sentences in the past simple:
Our team played Hekko on the school ground.
The teacher explained the rules to us.
Our team played Hekko on the school ground.
The teacher explained the rules to us.