NCERT Solutions Ganita Prakash (Part 2) Chapter 1 In-text Questions — — Profit, Loss and Discount
Book page 18 Updated on2026-09-05
Q1.
Due to heavy rains, Snehal could not transport strawberries to Hyderabad from his farm in Panchgani. He sells some of his stock at ₹80 per kg with a 12% loss. What is the cost price?
Answer
A 12% loss means the selling price is 100% – 12% = 88% of the cost price
0.88 × CP = 80
CP = 80/0.88 = 8000/88 = 1000/11
= ₹90.91 per kg (₹90.90 to the nearest paisa is 90.909…)
Check: 12% of 90.91 = ₹10.91, and 90.91 – 10.91 = ₹80. ✓
Why it happens: The 12% is a loss on what Snehal paid, so the cost price is the base — the unknown. Taking 12% of ₹80 instead would give ₹9.60 and a cost price of ₹89.60, which is wrong: a loss of ₹9.60 on ₹89.60 is 10.7%, not 12%. Whenever the percentage refers to a quantity you do not yet know, write the relationship first (SP = 0.88 × CP) and solve.
Q2.
A utensil store is offering a 35% discount on the cooker with an MRP ₹1800. What is the selling price? If the cost price was ₹900, what is the percentage profit made after the sale?
Answer
Selling price: a 35% discount leaves 65% of the MRP
SP = 0.65 × 1800 = ₹1170
Why it happens: Two percentages appear in this one sale and they are measured on two different bases. The 35% discount is taken off the marked price of ₹1800; the 30% profit is measured against the cost price of ₹900. Mixing the bases is the classic error — 35% of ₹900 or 30% of ₹1800 would both be meaningless here. Note also that the store still earns a healthy profit after the discount, because the MRP was set at twice the cost price.