Q1.
Match the Columns. Note: One problem could affect more than one thing. (i) Dirty water (ii) Broken roads (iii) Lost crops (iv) No electricity (v) Spread of diseases (vi) Damaged homes (vii) Schools shut — with — (a) Shelter for people (b) Safe drinking (c) Learning (d) Travel and transport (e) Lights, fans and phones (f) People's health (g) Food supply
Answer
The matching:
(i) → (b), (f) (ii) → (d) (iii) → (g) (iv) → (e) (v) → (f) (vi) → (a) (vii) → (c)
The note under the heading says one problem can affect more than one thing, so dirty water is matched to two — and one or two of the others reach a second answer as well.
| Flood problem | What it affects | Why they go together |
|---|---|---|
| (i) Dirty water | (b) Safe drinking, and (f) People's health | Flood water mixes with drains and dirt, so there is nothing safe left to drink — and drinking it makes people ill. |
| (ii) Broken roads | (d) Travel and transport | Buses, cars and cycles cannot pass. Help, food and medicines cannot reach the village. |
| (iii) Lost crops | (g) Food supply | The standing crop is destroyed in the field, so there is less grain and prices rise. |
| (iv) No electricity | (e) Lights, fans and phones | Power lines are switched off or damaged, so there is no light, no fan and no way to charge a phone. |
| (v) Spread of diseases | (f) People's health | Standing dirty water breeds mosquitoes and germs, so fever, diarrhoea and skin illness spread. |
| (vi) Damaged homes | (a) Shelter for people | Walls fall and roofs leak, so families have nowhere to stay and must move to a relief camp. |
| (vii) Schools shut | (c) Learning | Classes stop — and often the school building is being used as a relief camp. |
Why one flood causes so many different problems: Water goes everywhere. It gets into the drains, the fields, the wires, the roads and the houses, all at the same time. So a single flood attacks drinking water, food, health, travel, electricity, shelter and school together — and it is the same families who have to face all seven at once.
Look at the picture above the activity: on the left, land with only tree stumps — the rain runs straight off it and causes flooding. On the right, land with big trees — they slow the rain down and help the soil soak the water up. Planting trees is one real way to reduce floods.