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NCERT Solutions Poorvi Chapter 4 Change of Heart — Let us learn

Book page 109 & 110 Updated on2026-09-05

Q1.
Make as many words as possible using consecutive letters, without changing the order of the letters, from the words in the boxes. One has been done for you. 1. BADMINTON — BAD, ADMIN, MINT, IN, TON, ON 2. PHENOMENON 3. BASKETBALL
Answer

The rule is strict: pick letters that stand side by side in the big word, in the same order, without skipping any. BADMINTON has been solved for you as the model — BAD(1–3), ADMIN(2–6), MINT(4–7), IN(5–6), TON(7–9), ON(8–9).

WordWords you can make (five boxes are printed)Which letters they use
2. PHENOMENON
P-H-E-N-O-M-E-N-O-N		HENletters 2–4
NOletters 4–5 (also 8–9)
OMENletters 5–8
MENletters 6–8
ONletters 9–10
3. BASKETBALL
B-A-S-K-E-T-B-A-L-L		BASKETletters 1–6
BASKletters 1–4
ASKletters 2–4
BALLletters 7–10
ALLletters 8–10

AS (letters 2–3) is another correct answer for BASKETBALL if you prefer a shorter word in one of the boxes.

Now make your own puzzle: choose a long word and hunt for the hidden ones. Try TOURNAMENT (TOUR, OUR, URN, NAME, AMEN, MEN, MENT? no — ‘ment’ is not a word), CHAMPION (CHAMP, HAM, AMP, PI, ION, ON) or STADIUM (TAD, AD, ADI? no, DIU? no — so STAD, ADI are out; keep only real words: TAD, AD, I, UM). Give your word to a friend and see how many she finds.
Why this puzzle is useful: It trains you to see small familiar words inside long unfamiliar ones. That is exactly how you break up a hard new word such as phe-nom-enon when you meet it for the first time.
Q2.
Read the following sentences and circle the verbs. 1. Everyone was discussing their game and how Prabhat had played so well. 2. He had won the game but he did not feel as happy as he usually did. 3. What was more surprising that Surya had not felt bad about losing.
Answer

Circle every word that shows an action or a state, including the helping words was, had and did that go with it.

SentenceVerbs to circleForm
1. Everyone was discussing their game and how Prabhat had played so well.was discussing, had playedpast progressive, past perfect
2. He had won the game but he did not feel as happy as he usually did.had won, did (not) feel, didpast perfect, simple past
3. What was more surprising that Surya had not felt bad about losing.was, had (not) feltsimple past, past perfect
Tip: A verb phrase such as had played or was discussing is one verb, not two. Circle the whole phrase together, otherwise the next exercise will not work.
Q3.
Arrange the circled verbs as the first action (old action) or second action (new action). One has been done for you. (Column A — FIRST ACTION (OLD); Column B — SECOND ACTION (NEW))
Answer

In each sentence, ask yourself: which of the two things happened earlier? That one goes into Column A.

S. No.Column A — FIRST ACTION (OLD)Column B — SECOND ACTION (NEW)
1. (given)had playedwas discussing
2.had wondid not feel
3.had not feltwas

How each row is decided:

  • Row 1: Prabhat played the match first; the class talked about it afterwards.
  • Row 2: He won the game first; the disappointment came later, that night.
  • Row 3: Surya did not feel bad first; Prabhat’s surprise came after he saw this.
The rule the book is teaching: the verbs in Column A all look the same — had + third form of the verb. That form is called the past perfect, and English uses it for the older of two past actions. The newer action stays in the simple past or the past progressive.
Q4.
Fill in the blanks with the past perfect form of the verb given within the brackets. Prabhat __________ already __________ his homework before going to the badminton match. (finish)
Answer

Prabhat had already finished his homework before going to the badminton match.

Two blanks are given because the word already is placed between the helping verb and the main verb: had + already + finished.

Why past perfect: the homework was over before he left for the match — the older of the two past actions.
Q5.
Surya __________ basketball for years before joining the school’s badminton team. (play)
Answer

Surya had played basketball for years before joining the school’s badminton team.

The word before is the signal: everything that happened before the second action takes had + third form.

Also correct: “had been playing”, which stresses that the playing continued over all those years. In this exercise, however, the book asks only for the past perfect, so write had played.
Q6.
By the time Prabhat arrived, Surya __________ already __________ several matches. (win)
Answer

By the time Prabhat arrived, Surya had already won several matches.

The third form of win is won, and already again sits between the two parts: had + already + won.

Signal phrase: “By the time …” almost always calls for the past perfect in the other half of the sentence.
Q7.
The new student, Surya, __________ Prabhat before coming to the school. (never meet)
Answer

The new student, Surya, had never met Prabhat before coming to the school.

The word never goes between had and the third form: had + never + met. The third form of meet is met.

Careful: do not write “had never meet” or “had not never met”. Never is already a negative word, so no extra not is needed.
Q8.
Before the games period, Prabhat __________ badminton extensively. (practise)
Answer

Before the games period, Prabhat had practised badminton extensively.

Practise is the verb (with an s), so its past and third form is practised. The sentence begins with Before, which marks this as the earlier action.

Spelling note: the noun is practice with a c — “He needs more practice.” You will work on this pair again in the ‘Let us learn’ exercise of the yoga text on page 125.
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