NCERT Solutions for Exploring Society: India and Beyond Chapter 4 Timeline And Sources Of History

About this chapter

History is the study of the human past. Many kinds of specialists dig it out: geologists (the physical Earth), palaeontologists (fossils), anthropologists (human societies and cultures) and archaeologists (remains left behind by people, plants and animals) — Fig. 4.2. Modern humans ( Homo sapiens ) have been here only about 300,000 years , a tiny sliver of the Earth's 4.54-billion-year story (Fig. 4.1). Time is measured in eras. The Gregorian calendar is used worldwide, alongside Hindu, Muslim, Jewish, Chinese and other calendars for festivals and auspicious events. Years after the conventional date of Jesus' birth were marked AD and are now called CE (Common Era) ; years before it were marked BC and are now BCE (Before Common Era) . India became independent in 1947 CE ; the Buddha was bor

• Chapter opening
• How Do We Learn About the Past?
• How Is Time Measured in History?
• Don't Miss Out
• Making your own timeline
• What Are the Sources of History?
• –69Reading three objects as sources
• The Beginnings of Human History
• The First Crops
• The chapter in four points