Q1.
What about the total amount they have to pay? Can it be described by the expression: 2 × 43 + 24?
Answer
No. Lhamo and Norbu each ordered one vegetable cutlet (₹43) and one rasgulla (₹24), so each share is 43 + 24 and the total is double the whole share.
2 × 43 + 24 as a sum of terms = (2 × 43) + (24)
= 86 + 24 = ₹110
This means “24 more than 2 × 43” — two cutlets but only one rasgulla. ✗
Correct expression = 2 × (43 + 24)
= 2 × 67 = ₹134
Same thing as two cutlets and two rasgullas:
2 × 43 + 2 × 24 = 86 + 48 = ₹134 ✓
= 86 + 24 = ₹110
This means “24 more than 2 × 43” — two cutlets but only one rasgulla. ✗
Correct expression = 2 × (43 + 24)
= 2 × 67 = ₹134
Same thing as two cutlets and two rasgullas:
2 × 43 + 2 × 24 = 86 + 48 = ₹134 ✓
Therefore 2 × (43 + 24) = 2 × 43 + 2 × 24.
Why it happens: Without a bracket, ‘×’ binds only to the number next to it, so 2 × 43 + 24 has the two terms 2 × 43 and 24. The bracket in 2 × (43 + 24) makes the whole share the thing that is doubled — this is the distributive property.