NCERT Solutions Exploring Society: India and Beyond Chapter 12 Aakriti the painter — In-text Questions

Book page 263 Updated on2026-09-05

Q1.
Can you think of other products which do not have a ready market?
Answer

Aakriti paints in oils on canvas. Her work is admired, but “unlike the case of guavas, there are fewer local buyers and sellers for artwork”. Several other goods and services are in the same position.

Product or serviceWhy there is no ready market
Paintings, sculpture, art photographyEvery piece is one of a kind, so there is no going price to compare with
Handmade crafts — Madhubani painting, bamboo work, Channapatna toys, tribal jewelleryBuyers are far away in cities and abroad; the artisan's village has few of them
Handloom sarees and traditional textilesCompete with cheap mill cloth; buyers who value them are scattered
Classical music, dance and theatre performancesAudiences are small and occasional
A second-hand house, a family's old farmlandVery few buyers, and each property is unique
Rare books, manuscripts, antiques, coinsOnly a handful of collectors want them
Highly specialised skills — a Sanskrit manuscript reader, a temple-chariot carpenterVery few employers need that skill in any one place
Custom-built machineryMade for one customer; nobody else can use it
Why it happens: a market forms easily when many buyers want the same thing and many sellers offer it — guavas, rice, soap. When each item is unique and buyers are few and scattered, no common price ever appears, and buyer and seller struggle even to find each other.
Q2.
How does it affect those willing to buy or sell?
Answer

Both sides lose, and in mirror-image ways.

The seller (Aakriti, the artisan, the farmer with an unusual crop)The buyer (the art lover, the collector)
Cannot find buyers — Aakriti “finds it difficult to find buyers”Cannot find the work; may never learn it exists
Does not know what price to ask; may sell far below the true worthCannot judge whether the price asked is fair, because there is nothing to compare it with
Income is irregular and uncertain; hard to plan or to buy materials for the next workMust travel far or wait long; risk of being cheated by a fake
Depends on a middleman or gallery that may take a large sharePays extra for that middleman
Many give up the craft and take other work — the skill dies outThe choice available shrinks further, and a tradition is lost
Tip: notice the trap. Few buyers → low, uncertain earnings → artists leave the work → even fewer sellers → the market shrinks further. Breaking that circle is exactly what fairs, exhibitions and online platforms try to do.
Q3.
What are the different ways in which artists can find buyers for their work today?
Answer

The internet has done for artists what the mandī did for farmers — it has brought scattered buyers together in one place.

  • Online marketplaces and aggregator apps that sell art and crafts, and government platforms such as GeM and state emporium websites. One listing reaches buyers “thousands of kilometres away”.
  • Her own social media and website, where she can post photographs of new work, show the painting being made, and take orders directly — with no middleman's commission.
  • Exhibitions, art galleries and art fairs, where many buyers and many artists gather on the same days — a market created on purpose.
  • Craft melas and haats such as Dilli Haat and state handicraft emporia, and school, college and housing-society fairs.
  • Commissioned work — portraits, murals for hotels, offices, schools and metro stations; illustrations for books, magazines and packaging.
  • Co-operatives and artisan collectives, which pool many artists' work so that buyers get variety in one place — the same idea as AMUL for milk.
  • Teaching — art classes, workshops and online courses turn the skill itself into a saleable service.
  • Word of mouth, still the strongest of all: one satisfied buyer who shows the painting to friends brings the next three.
Why it happens: Aakriti's problem was never that nobody wanted her paintings — it was that the few people who wanted them could not find her. Every solution above is really a way of solving that one problem: making buyer and seller visible to each other.
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