NCERT Solutions Exploring Society: India and Beyond Chapter 2 Measuring wind — In-text Questions

Book page 36 Updated on2026-09-05

Q1.
So, how do we measure this direction and speed?
Answer

With two different instruments — one for where the wind comes from, one for how fast it blows.

InstrumentHow it worksWhat it tells us
Wind vane (weather vane)A rotating arm with a pointer at one end and a tail at the other. The wind pushes the tail, so the pointer swings round and points into the wind. It responds even to a light breeze.Wind direction
Wind sockA cloth tube on a mast, used on airport tarmacs and at factories that release ash or gases. It fills and points downwind.Wind direction at a glance, for pilots taking off and landing
AnemometerThree or four metal cups on a vertical shaft. The stronger the wind, the faster they spin; a meter at the bottom counts the spins in a fixed time.Wind speed in km/h
tail pointer Wind vane — direction Anemometer — speed
A wind vane turns until its pointer faces the wind; an anemometer's cups spin faster as the wind grows stronger.
Why both readings are needed: Speed alone does not tell a pilot whether it is safe to land, and direction alone does not tell a farmer how quickly the soil will dry. Together they say where the weather is coming from and how forcefully — which is why wind direction helps farmers predict where the rain will arrive from, and why a higher wind speed dries the soil faster.
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