Q1.
Make a list of objects you see around and also write the names of the materials they are made up of in Table 6.1.
Answer
Look around your classroom and your home and fill Table 6.1 like this. Notice that some objects need more than one material.
| Table 6.1: Identify materials | |
|---|---|
| I observe | Materials they are made up of |
| Notebook | Paper (cover — thick paper or cardboard), metal stapler pins |
| Pen | Plastic body, metal nib and spring, ink |
| Tumbler | Steel (a metal) — or glass, or plastic |
| Window pane | Glass, fixed in a wooden or aluminium frame |
| Desk and bench | Wood, with iron nails and an iron frame |
| Water bottle | Plastic body and cap (or steel) |
| School bag | Cloth or synthetic fibre, plastic zip, metal buckle |
| Sweater | Wool |
| Diya (earthen lamp) | Baked clay (terracotta) |
| Chalk | Chalk powder pressed into a stick |
| Cricket ball | Cork centre, wound thread, leather cover |
| Bangle | Glass — or lac, or metal |
The conclusion the book wants: based on everyday observation, objects are made up of various materials. Any substance that is used to create an object is called a material.
Did you know? The earliest pottery of the Indian subcontinent is 7,000–8,000 years old — found at Lahuradewa in the Ganga plains and Mehrgarh in Baluchistan. From about 4000 BCE the Sindhu–Sarasvatī people were turning pots on a wheel, coating them with coloured ‘slips’ and baking them in kilns. Baked clay is called terracotta. Huge Harappan storage jars can be seen today at the National Museum, New Delhi.