NCERT Solutions Exploring Society: India and Beyond Chapter 11 Paper Money · Fig. 11.16 and Fig. 11.17 — LET’S EXPLORE

Book page 242 Updated on2026-09-05

Q1.
Look at a 50 and a 100-rupee note. Can you identify the motifs depicting India’s cultural heritage on the reverse side of the notes? Find out more about them.
Answer

Both motifs are UNESCO World Heritage monuments, and both are printed on the reverse (back) of the note.

NoteMotif on the reverseWhere it isWho built it, and what to know
₹50The Stone Chariot of HampiHampi, Vijayanagara district, KarnatakaA shrine carved as a chariot in the Vittala temple complex, built under the Vijayanagara rulers in the 16th century. Hampi was the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire.
₹100Rani ki Vav — “the Queen's Stepwell”Patan, on the Saraswati river, GujaratAn inverted, seven-storeyed stepwell built in the 11th century by Queen Udayamati in memory of King Bhima I of the Solanki dynasty; its walls carry more than 500 major sculptures.

Other notes in the same series carry the same idea — the Sun Temple at Konark on the ₹10 note, the Ellora caves on the ₹20, the Sanchi Stupa on the ₹200, the Red Fort on the ₹500.

Why it happens: currency is the one printed object that reaches every person in the country. Putting monuments on the reverse turns everyday money into a small, portable lesson in India's cultural heritage.
Tip: hold your own ₹50 note beside Fig. 11.16 in the book. Read the words printed under the picture — the note names the monument for you.
Q2.
Feel the surface of the notes. What special features of currency notes help visually impaired persons to identify the notes’ denominations?
Answer

Indian currency notes carry raised printing that can be felt with a fingertip, so the denomination can be told by touch alone.

  • Intaglio (raised) printing. The Mahatma Gandhi portrait, the Ashoka Pillar emblem and the RBI seal are printed so thickly that they stand above the paper surface.
  • Bleed lines. Groups of raised slanting lines at the left and right edges — different numbers for different notes. For example ₹100 has 4 lines in each group and ₹500 has 5, so they can be counted with a finger.
  • An identification mark. A raised geometric shape near the left edge, different for each denomination — a triangle on the ₹500, a circle on the ₹200, and so on.
  • Different sizes. Each denomination is a different length and width, so notes can be compared against one another or against a card.
  • Big, bold numerals and strongly contrasting colours help people with partial sight.
Did you know? The RBI has also released a mobile app, MANI (Mobile Aided Note Identifier), which speaks the denomination aloud when the phone camera is pointed at a note.
Why it happens: money is useless if a person cannot be sure what they are handing over. Touch-based features let a visually impaired person pay and take change independently, without having to trust a stranger's word.
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