NCERT Solutions for Exploring Society: India and Beyond Chapter 3 Climates of India
Updated on 2026-09-05
About this chapter
Weather is what we feel from hour to hour or day to day; seasons recur every year; climate is the pattern of weather a region has over a long period — at least several decades . Traditionally India divides the year into six ṛitus — vasanta, grīṣhma, varṣhā, śharad, hemanta and śhiśhir. India has seven kinds of climate in one country: alpine (Himalayas), temperate (lower Himalayas and hill areas), subtropical (northern plains), arid (Thar Desert), tropical wet (western coastal strip), semi-arid (Deccan Plateau) and tropical (eastern India and the southern peninsula). Five factors decide a region's climate — latitude (the angle of the sun's rays), altitude (air thins and cools as you go up), proximity to the sea (the sea moderates temperature), winds (they carry heat and moisture) and topogr
- Chapter opening
- Weather, Seasons and the Climate
- Seasons in your own region
- Factors Determining the Climate
- a) Latitude
- b) Altitude
- d) Winds
- The Monsoons
- Traditional knowledge and predicting the monsoon
- Climate and our Lives
Exercises
- Chapter opening — The Big Questions Page 45
- Weather, Seasons and the Climate — In-text Questions Page 46
- Seasons in your own region — LET'S EXPLORE Page 47
- Factors Determining the Climate — In-text Questions Page 49
- a) Latitude — LET'S REMEMBER Page 49
- b) Altitude — In-text Questions Page 50
- b) Altitude — LET'S EXPLORE Page 51
- d) Winds — LET'S REMEMBER Page 52
- The Monsoons — DON'T MISS OUT Page 55
- Traditional knowledge and predicting the monsoon — LET'S EXPLORE Page 56
- Climate and our Lives — LET'S EXPLORE Page 56
- Climates and Disasters — DON'T MISS OUT Page 58
- a) Cyclones — In-text Questions Page 59
- a) Cyclones — THINK ABOUT IT Page 59
- b) Floods — LET'S EXPLORE Page 60
- b) Floods — DON'T MISS OUT Page 61
- d) Forest fires — LET'S EXPLORE Page 62
- Climate Change — In-text Questions Page 64
- –65The chapter in seven points — Before we move on … Page 64
- –66End-of-chapter exercise — Questions and activities Page 65