NCERT Solutions Exploring Society: India and Beyond Chapter 2 Rise and Fall of the Delhi Sultanate — THINK ABOUT IT

Book page 28 Updated on2026-09-05

Q1.
Why do we use the term ‘image’ rather than common terms like ‘idol’ or ‘icon’?
Answer

Because ‘idol’ and ‘icon’ are not neutral words — they already carry a judgement, and ‘image’ does not.

The chapter gives the reason exactly: those two terms “are considered pejorative in the context of Judaism, Christianity and Islam, whose orthodox sects condemn ‘idolatry’ or the worship of ‘idols’ or ‘icons’.” In English, the word idol almost never appears without the shadow of idolatry attached to it — a practice those traditions condemn. So to call a temple sculpture an ‘idol’ is to describe it in the vocabulary of people who disapprove of it.

India's own classical texts never used such a word. They used mūrti, vigraha, pratimā, rūpa and others to designate images — often statues — used for worship in temples or homes. None of these implies falseness. ‘Image’ is the English word that matches them: it says what the object is, without saying what you should think of it.

Why it matters here: this box sits in the middle of the paragraph on iconoclasm — “the rejection or destruction of icons or religious images considered idolatrous”. If a history book were to call the destroyed sculptures ‘idols’, it would be quietly agreeing with the reason given for destroying them. Choosing ‘image’ keeps the historian's job separate from the participants' opinions: describe what happened, in words that do not take a side.
Try this: notice how often a choice of word settles an argument before it starts. ‘Rebel’ or ‘freedom fighter’; ‘invasion’ or ‘expedition’; ‘riot’ or ‘uprising’. In each pair the facts can be identical and the word does the judging. Reading history well means noticing that.
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